Seversk
Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊ | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 56Β°36β²N 84Β°51β²E / 56.600Β°N 84.850Β°E | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Tomsk Oblast[1] |
Founded | 1949 |
City status since | 1956 |
Government | |
β’ Mayor | Nikolay Didenko |
Elevation | 90 m (300 ft) |
Population | |
β’ Total | 108,590 |
β’ Estimate (2018)[3] | 107,494 (β1%) |
β’ Rank | 149th in 2010 |
β’ Subordinated to | Seversk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
β’ Capital of | Seversk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
β’ Urban okrug | Seversk Urban Okrug[4] |
β’ Capital of | Seversk Urban Okrug[4] |
Time zone | UTC+7 (MSK+4 [5]) |
Postal code(s)[6] | 636000 |
Dialing code(s) | +7 3823 |
OKTMO ID | 69741000001 |
Website | seversknet |
Seversk (Russian: Π‘Π΅ΜΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊ, IPA: [ΛsΚ²evΚ²Ιͺrsk]) is a closed city in Tomsk Oblast, Russia, located 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) northwest of Tomsk on the right bank of the Tom River. The population was 108,590 at the 2010 census and 109,106 at the 2002 census.
It was previously known as Pyaty Pochtovy (until 1949)[clarification needed] and Tomsk-7 (until 1992).
Geography
The city is located 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) northwest of Tomsk on the right bank of the Tom River.
Climate
Seversk has a humid continental climate (KΓΆppen climate classification Dfb) with warm summer. The annual average temperature is 0.6 Β°C (33Β°F). The average temperature in January is between -21 Β°C (-6Β°F) and -13 Β°C (9Β°F). The average temperature in July is 19.2 Β°C (67Β°F). The total annual rainfall is 530 millimeters (21").
History
Founded in 1949, it was known as Pyaty Pochtovy (ΠΡΜΡΡΠΉ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΜΠ²ΡΠΉ, lit. the Fifth Postal) until 1954 and as Tomsk-7 (Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊ-7) until 1992.[citation needed] City status was granted to it in 1956.[citation needed]
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with five rural localities, incorporated as Seversk City Under Oblast Jurisdictionβan administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Seversk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Seversk Urban Okrug.[4]
Economy
Seversk is the site of the Siberian Chemical Combine, founded in 1954. It comprises several nuclear reactors and chemical plants for separation, enrichment, and reprocessing of uranium and plutonium. Following an agreement in March 2003 between Russia and the United States to shut down Russia's three remaining plutonium-producing reactors, two of the three plutonium producing reactors (the two that are situated in Seversk, at the Sibirskaya Nuclear Power Plant) were shut down.[7][8]
Nuclear warheads are produced and stored on the premises. One of the most serious nuclear accidents at SGCE[further explanation needed] occurred on April 6, 1993, when a tank containing a highly radioactive solution exploded (see Β§ Tomsk-7 explosion).
Government
The current Chair of the City Duma and Mayor is Grigory Shamin, who has served since 2010. The current city manager is Anatoly Abramov, who has served since August 2007.
Secret city
Seversk had been a secret city in the Soviet Union until President Boris Yeltsin decreed in 1992 that such cities could use their historical names. The town had not been marked on the official maps until then. As was the tradition with Soviet towns containing secret facilities, the designation "Tomsk-7" (like its predecessor "Pyaty Pochtovy") is simply a postal code which implies that the place is located close to the city of Tomsk.
For many years, residents have been restricted from entering or leaving the city. Upon leaving Seversk, residents had to surrender their special entry passes at the checkpoint and it was forbidden to discuss where they worked or lived. In 1987, some restrictions were lifted due to the large number of residents who worked or studied in Tomsk.
The city still remains closed to non-residents. There are six checkpoints where visitors must show entry documents. Permission to visit the city may only be granted by the appropriate authorities by a request of the institution being visited, or by a request of a private party such as a close relative. Visitors can apply for entry passes at the main checkpoint; prior to May 2007, they needed to visit a special office in Tomsk.
Tomsk-7 explosion
There was a nuclear accident at the Tomsk-7 Reprocessing Complex on April 6, 1993, when a tank exploded due to formation of red oil, while nitric acid was being added to a plutonium-uranium mixture. The explosion had a force of approximately 100 kg of TNT and blew out a large section of the exterior wall of the high level radioactive processing room,[9] releasing a cloud of radioactive gas. The cloud was dispersed northwards by the wind, with some of the radioactive material settling over the neighboring village of Georgiyevka.
TIME magazine has identified the Tomsk-7 explosion as one of the world's 10 "worst nuclear disasters".[10] The International Atomic Energy Agency considers the event a Level 3 "serious incident".[11]
Culture
Seversk has[when?] nine municipal cultural and artistic institutions, as well as four establishments of additional education for children of artistic and aesthetic focus.[citation needed] There is also a nonprofit organization, Ostrovsky House of Culture,[12] and a cinema called Mir.[13]
Education
There is a major post-secondary school in the city, the Seversk State Technological Academy, a branch of Moscow Engineering Physics Institute.
Notable people from Seversk
- Anastasia Shishmakova (born 2000), Russian group rhythmic gymnast.
- Margarita Aliychuk (born 1990), Russian group rhythmic gymnast and Olympic champion
- Lyubov Yegorova (born 1966), cross-country skier and Olympic champion
See also
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e Law #271-OZ
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2010 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ΠΎΠΌ 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2010 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Π§ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π½Π° 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 2018 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c Decision #69/1
- ^ "ΠΠ± ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ". ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ-ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ ΠΠΎΡΡΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΠΠ‘Π£ Π ΠΠ. (Russian Post). ΠΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ "Russia shuts second plutonium-producing reactor at Seversk". World Nuclear News. June 6, 2008. Archived from the original on July 26, 2011. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
- ^ The remaining operating production reactor is sited at Zheleznogorsk in Krasnoyarsk Krai.
- ^ "36-09".
- ^ "The Worst Nuclear Disasters". TIME. March 25, 2009. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
- ^ THE RADIOLOGICAL ACCIDENT IN THE REPROCESSING PLANT AT TOMSK, International Atomic Energy Agency, https://www-pub.iaea.org/mtcd/publications/pdf/p060_scr.pdf
- ^ Ostrovsky House of Culture
- ^ "Mir".
Sources
- ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΡΠΌΠ° Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ β271-ΠΠ ΠΎΡ 22 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 2009 Π³. Β«ΠΠ± Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΒ», Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° β153-ΠΠ ΠΎΡ 17 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 2014 Π³. Β«ΠΠ± ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΡ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΒ». ΠΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ» Π² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 10 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π΄Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½: "Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ", β51, 24 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 2009 Π³. (State Duma of Tomsk Oblast. Law #271-OZ of December 22, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tomsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #153-OZ of November 17, 2014 On Abolishing Several Administrative-Territorial Units in Tomsk Oblast and on Amending Various Legislative Acts of Tomsk Oblast Due to the Abolition of Several Administrative-Territorial Units in Tomsk Oblast. Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the day of the official publication.).
- Π‘ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΠΠ’Π Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊ. Π Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ β69/1 ΠΎΡ 12 Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ 2005 Π³. Β«Π£ΡΡΠ°Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΒ», Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄. Π Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ β65/1 ΠΎΡ 28 ΠΌΠ°Ρ 2015 Π³. Β«Π Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π£ΡΡΠ°Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΒ». ΠΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ» Π² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 2006 Π³., Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ. ΠΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½: "ΠΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³", β19, 11 ΠΌΠ°Ρ 2005 Π³. (Assembly of People's Representatives of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formation of Seversk. Decision #69/1 of April 12, 2005 Charter of the Urban Okrug of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formation of Seversk of Tomsk Oblast, as amended by the Decision #65/1 of May 28, 2015 On Amending the Charter of the Urban Okrug of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formation of Seversk of Tomsk Oblast. Effective as of January 1, 2006, with the exception of clauses for which other dates and procedures of taking effect are specified.).
External links
- Official website of Seversk (in Russian)
- Photo album of Seversk
- Official website of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises (in Russian)
- BISNIS report about SGCE
- Newspaper Novyj Dialog